DAMPAK PERUBAHAN TARIF PAJAK PENGHASILAN BADAN DAN PAJAK PERTAMBAHAN NILAI DI INDONESIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24034/j25485024.y2022.v6.i4.5359Keywords:
CGE, pajak penghasilan badan, PPN, PDBAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak perubahan tarif Pajak Penghasilan badan (PPh badan) dan Pajak Pertambahan Nilai (PPN) terhadap variabel ekonomi makro seperti PDB, konsumsi swasta, konsumsi pemerintah, dan investasi. Penelitian ini juga menganalisis dampak perubahan tarif PPh badan dan PPN terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga dan output per sektor. Penelitian ini melakukan simulasi dengan menggunakan model Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) dan data Sosial Accounting Matrix (SAM) 2019 sebagai database. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa pemotongan tarif Pajak Penghasilan badan sebesar 3% dan kenaikan tarif PPN dari sebesar 1% secara bersamaan akan meningkatkan konsumsi pemerintah dan investasi tetapi menurunkan konsumsi swasta, PDB, dan pendapatan rumah tangga baik di kelompok perdesaan maupun perkotaan dimana rumah tangga perdesaan mengalami penurunan pendapatan yang lebih besar. Kebijakan kenaikan tarif PPN memberikan dampak yang lebih kuat terhadap perekonomian. Sektor yang menunjukkan peningkatan output terbesar antara lain sektor adminstrasi pemerintahan, pertahanan, dan jaminan sosial wajib, jasa pendidikan, pertambangan dan penggalian, dan jasa kesehatan dan kegiatan sosial.
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