DETERMINAN LOYALITAS WISATAWAN PADA WISATA BAHARI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24034/j25485024.y2019.v3.i4.4219Keywords:
destinasi wisata, wisatawan, loyalitas, nilai, pengalamanAbstract
Faktor yang menimbulkan loyalitas wisatawan penting untuk diketahui oleh pengelola layanan tempat wisata, sehingga pengelola harus mampu memberikan nilai tambah bagi wisatawan, seperti menyediakan pengalaman yang berkesan dan menyenangkan bagi wisatawan, pada akhirnya mendorong wisatawan menjadi loyal dengan memberi informasi positif melalui komunikasi dari mulut ke mulut. komunikasi ini dapat menjadikan orang mengunjungi tempat tujuan wisata tersebut tidak hanya memiliki kesadaran merek tetapi dapat ke jenjang loyalitas. Tujuan penelitian ini menyelidiki pengaruh faktor determinan loyalitas wisatawan. Pendekatan penelitian adalah menjelaskan hubungan antar variabel dengan populasi wisatawan yang telah berkunjung, baik yang berada diluar lokasi wisata maupun wisatawan yang sudah atau pernah mengunjungi pada wisata bahari, dengan sampel berjumlah 200 pengunjung. Analisis data menggunakan structural equation modeling dengan program LISREL. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengalaman wisatawan setelah berkunjung berpengaruh terhadap nilai yang dirasakan wisatawan, pengalaman wisatawan setelah berkunjung berpengaruh terhadap loyalitas wisatawan dan nilai yang dirasakan wisatawan setelah berkunjung berpengaruh terhadap loyalitas wisatawan pada wisata bahari yang telah dikunjungi.References
Al Ries and L. Ries. 2003. The 22 immutable laws of Branding. PT. Gramedia Pustaka Utama. Jakarta.
Ali, F., Kim, W. G., Li, J., dan Jeon, H. M. 2018. Make it delightful: Customers’ experience, satisfaction and loyalty in Malaysian theme parks. Journal of Destination Marketing and Management 7: 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm. 2016.05.003
Amoa, F., Radder, L., dan Van Eyk, M. 2017. Experience composite worth: A combination of experience quality and experience value. Southern African Business Review 21: 292–310.
Beckman, E., Whaley, J. E., dan Kim, Y. 2017. Motivations and Experiences of Whitewater Rafting Tourists on the Ocoee River, USA. https://doi.org/ 10.1002/jtr.2109
Boo, S., Busser, J., dan Baloglu, S. 2009. A model of customer-based brand equity and its application to multiple destinations. Tourism Management 30(2): 219–231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman. 2008.06.003.
Castellanos-Verdugo, M., Vega-Vázquez, M., Oviedo-García, M. Á., dan Orgaz-Agüera, F. 2016. The relevance of psychological factors in the ecotourist experience satisfaction through eco- tourist site perceived value. Journal of Cleaner Production 124: 226–235. https:/ /doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.02.126.
Chekalina, T., Fuchs, M., dan Lexhagen, M. 2016. Customer-Based Destination Brand Equity Modeling : The Role of Destination Resources, Value for Money, and Value in Use. Journal of Travel Research 1–21. https://doi.org/ 10.1177/0047287516680774
Chen, C. F., dan Chen, F. S. 2010. Experience quality, perceived value, satisfaction and behavioral intentions for heritage tourists. Tourism Management 31(1): 29–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman. 2009.02.008.
Chen, H., dan Rahman, I. 2018. Cultural tourism: An analysis of engagement, cultural contact, memorable tourism experience and destination loyalty. Tourism Management Perspectives, 26 (September 2017), 153–163. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.tmp.2017.10.006.
Ekinci, Y., Sirakaya-turk, E., dan Preciado, S. 2013. Symbolic consumption of tourism destination brands. Journal of Business Research 66(6): 711–718. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2011.09.008
Ferdinand, A. 2006. Structural Equation Modelling Dalam Penelitian Manajemen. Edisi Empat. Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro. Semarang.
Ghozali, I. 2001. Model Persamaan Struktural; Konsep dan Aplikasi dengan Program AMOS 5.0. Edisi Kedua. Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro. Semarang.
Kajian Dampak Sektor Pariwisata Terhadap Perekonomian Indonesia. 2019. http:// www.kemenpar.go.id/post/kajian-dampak-sektor-pariwisata-terhadap-perekonomian-indonesia akses tanggal 08 Oktober 2019.
Kartajaya, H. 2005. Attracting, Tourist, Traders, Investors, Strategi Memasar- kan Daerah di Era Otonomi, PT. Gramedia Pustaka Utama. Jakarta.
Keller, Kevin Lane. 2003. “Conceptualizing, measuring, and managing customer-based brand equity”. Journal of Market- ing 57(1): 1-22.
Kim, M., dan Thapa, B. 2017. The influence of self-congruity, perceived value, and satisfaction on destination loyalty: a case study of the Korean DMZ. Journal of Heritage Tourism 0(0): 1–13. https:// doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2017.1295973
Kim, S., Han, H., Holland, S., dan Byon, K. K. 2019. Structural relationships among involvement, destination brand equity, satisfaction and destination visit inten- tions : The case of Japanese outbound travelers. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 15(4): 349–365. https://doi.org/10. 1177/1356766709335835
Kolyesnikova, N., Dodd, T. H., dan Wilcox, J. B. 2009. Gender as a moderator of reciprocal consumer behavior. Journal of Consumer Marketing 26(3): 200–213. https://doi.org/10.1108/07363760910954136
Kyoungjin, K., dan Graham, B. 2012. Under- standing the relationships between perceived travel experiences, overall satisfaction, and destination loyalty. Anatolia 23(3): 328–347. https://doi.org /DOI: 10.1080/13032917.2012.696272
Lee, T. H., dan Jan, F. H. 2015. The Effects of Recreation Experience, Environmental Attitude, and Biospheric Value on the Environmentally Responsible Behavior of Nature-Based Tourists. Environmental Management 56(1): 193–208. https://doi. org/10.1007/s00267-015-0488-y
Mukerjee, K. 2018. The impact of brand experience, service quality and percei- ved value on word of mouth of retail bank customers: Investigating the mediating effect of loyalty. Journal of Financial Services Marketing 23(1): 12–24. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41264-018-0039-8
Ong, C. H., Lee, H. W., dan Ramayah, T. 2018. Impact of brand experience on loyalty. Journal of Hospitality Marketing and Management 27(7): 755–774. https:// doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2018.1445055
Ooi, C.-S. 2004. Poetics dan politics of destination branding: Denmark. Scandi- navian Journal of Hospitality & Tourism 4(2): 107–128
Ong, C. H., Lee, H. W., dan Ramayah, T. 2018. Impact of Brand Experience on Loyalty. Journal of Hospitality Marketing and Management 27(7): 755-774.
Paul, J. N., Lee, S., dan Hyuckgi Lee. 2015. The Effect of Experience Quality on Perceived Value, Satisfaction, Image and Behavioral Intention of Water Park Patrons : New ... Int. J. Tourism Res., 17 (November), 82–95. https://doi.org/10. 1002/jtr.1968
PHRI: Industri Pariwisata Jadi Sektor Idola Indonesia. 2018. https://www.cnnindo nesia.com/gaya-hidup/2018092415520 5-269-332743/phri-industri-pariwisata-jadi-sektor-idola-indonesia, akses tang- gal 08 Oktober 2019.
Prebensen, N. K., Woo, E., dan Uysal, M. S. 2013. Experience value : antecedents and consequences. Current Issues in Tourism 17(10): 910–928. https://doi. org/10.1080/13683500.2013.770451
Quan, N., Chi, N., Nhung, D., Ngan, N., dan Phong, L. 2020. The Influence of Web- site Brand Equity, E-Brand Experience on E-Loyalty: The Mediating Role of E-Satisfaction. Management Science Letters 10(1): 63-76.
Roza, D., Kausar, K., dan Gunawan, M. P. 2017. Managing heritage tourism in Toraja: strengthening local values and improving tourists ’ experiences. Journal of Heritage Tourism 0(0): 1–12. https:// doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2017.1411356
Shamim, A., dan Butt, M. M. 2013. A critical model of brand experience conse- quences. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics 25(1982): 102–117. https:// doi.org/10.1108/13555851311290957
Sthapit, E., dan Coudounaris, D. N. 2018. Memorable tourism experiences : ante- cedents and outcomes. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism 0(0): 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250. 2017.1287003
Sweeney, J., dan Soutar, G. N. 2001. Consumer perceived value: the development of a multiple item scale. Journal of Retailing 77(2): 203–2.
Tsai, S. 2005. Utility, cultural symbolism dan emotion: a comprehensive model of brand purchase value. International Journal of Research in Marketing 22: 277–291.
Wibisono, Lili. 2010. The impact experiential marketing toward branded customer experience restaurant and café customer loyalty and its impact on the image of Bandung as Indonesian tourism destination, Jurnal Strategic Program Pendidikan Manajemen Bisnis Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
Zhang, H., Fu, X., Cai, L. A., dan Lu, L. 2014. Destination image and tourist loyalty: A meta-analysis. Tourism Management, 40: 213–223. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.tourman.2013.06.006