IMPLIKASI JOB INSECURITY TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA DAN INTENTION TO LEAVEN TO LEAVE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24034/j25485024.y2019.v3.i2.4069Keywords:
job insecurity, kepuasan kerja dan intention to leave.Abstract
Pegawai yang menjalani penugasan di lembaga baru akan merasakan job insecurity dan kepuasan kerja yang berbeda dibandingkan tempat kerja sebelumnya. Kepuasan kerja dan job insecurity dapat mempengaruhi keinginan berpindah pegawai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh job insecurity terhadap kepuasan kerja dan keinginan berpindah. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kantor Perwakilan Bank Indonesia Provinsi Bali dengan mengambil seluruh pegawai sebanyak 40 orang yang mendapatkan penugasan baru. Data dikumpulkan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner menggunakan total 35 pernyataan. Selanjutnya data yang telah dikumpulkan dianalisis dengan teknik analisis jalur menggunakan SPSS.20. Hasil Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa job insecurity berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja. Kepuasan Kerja berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap keinginan berpindah pegawai. Sedangkan job insecurity tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keinginan berpindah. Implikasi penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pegawai pada penempatan baru memerlukan adanya kejelasan tentang jenjang karir di tempat yang baru. Disamping itu, perlu adanya sosialisasi prosedur kerja dan pemberdayaan agar pegawai mampu memahami berbagai hal yang berdampak pada pekerjaannya dan kinerja organisasional.
References
Abildgaard, J. S., Nielsen, K., dan Sverke, M. 2018. Can job insecurity be managed? Evaluating an organizational-level intervention addressing the negative effects of restructuring. Work & Stress 32(2): 105-123.
Adams, J. S. 1963. Toward an understanding of inequity. Journal of abnormal social psychology 67: 422-436.
Ajzen, I. dan M. Fishbein. 1975. Belief, Attitude, Intention, and Behavior: An Introduction to Theory and Research, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc, California.
Ajzen, I. dan M. Fishbein. 1980. Understanding Attitudes and Predicting Social Behavior, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
Ajzen, I. 1988. Attitudes, Personality and Behavior, Chicago, Illinois: The Dorsey Press.
Akgunduz, Y dan G. Eryilmaz. 2018. Does turnover intention mediate the effects of job insecurity and co-worker support on social loafing?. International Journal of Hospitality Management 68: 41-49
Altuntas, S. 2014. Factors affecting the job satisfaction levels and quit intentions of academic nurses, Nurse Education Today 34: 513–519.
Applebaum, D., S, Fowler, N. Fiedler, dan O. Osinubi. 2010. The Impact of Envi- ronmental Factors on Nursing Stress, Job Satisfaction, and Turnover Inten- tion, Journal of Nurs and Administration 40: 323–328.
Arasli, H., Arici, H. E., dan Cakmakoglu Arici, N. 2019. Workplace favouritism, psychological contract violation and turnover intention: Moderating roles of authentic leadership and job insecurity climate. German Journal of Human Resource Management.
Arshad. H. dan F. Puteh. 2015. Deter- minants of Turnover Intention among Employees, Journal of Administrative Science 12: 1-15.
Camgoz, S. M., O. T. Ekmekci, P. B. Kara- pinar, B. K. Guler. 2016. Job Insecurity and Turnover Intentions: Gender Diffe- rences and the Mediating Role of Work Engagement. Springer Link 75: 583–598
Celik, M., Cıra, A., 2013. The mediating role of work overload on the effects of organizational citizenship behavior on job performance and turnover inten- tion. Ege Acad. Rev. 13(1): 11–20.
Cheung, F. Y. L., Wu, A. M., dan Ching Chi, L. 2019. Effect of job insecurity, anxiety and personal resources on job satisfaction among casino employees in macau: A moderated mediation ana- lysis. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management 28(3): 379-396.
Cheng, C. Y., dan Liou, S. R. 2011. Intention to leave of Asian nurses in US hospitals: Does cultural orientation matter? Journal of Clinical Nursing 20(13): 2033-2042.
Chin, W., Guo, Y. L. L., Hung, Y. J., Hsieh, Y. T., Wang, L. J., dan Shiao, J. S. C. 2019. Workplace justice and intention to leave the nursing profession. Nursing ethics 26(1): 307-319.
Clandinin, D. J., J. Long, L. Schaefer, C. A. Downey, P. Steeves, E. Pinnegar, S. McKenzie Robblee, and S. Wnuk. 2015. “Early Career Teacher Attrition: Inten- tions of Teachers Beginning.” Teaching Education 26(1): 1–16.
Connor. J. O. 2018. The Impact of Job Satisfaction on the Turnover Intent of Executive Level Central Office Administrators in Texas Public School Districts: A Quantitative Study of Work Related Constructs, education sciences 8: 1-13.
Cow. J. Y., dan G. Lewis. 2012. Turnover Intention and Turnover Behavior Impli- cations for Retaining Federal Employees, Review of Public Personnel Adminis- tration 32: 4-23.
Craig, C. J. 2014. “From Stories of Staying to Stories of Leaving: A US Beginning Teacher’s Experience.” Journal of Curriculum Studies 46(1): 81–115.
Dereli, B., 2012. The concept of Job insecurity and the study on job insecurity perceptions of the bank employees according to their demographic characteristic. Istanbul Commerce Univ. J. Soc. Sci. 11(21): 237–256.
Emanuel, F., Molino, M., Lo Presti, A., Spagnoli, P., dan Ghislieri, C. 2018. A crossover study from a gender perspec- tive: The relationship between job insecurity, job satisfaction and partners’ family life satisfaction. Frontiers in psychology 9: 1481.
Glambek. M., S. B. Matthiesen, J. Hetland, dan S. Einarsen. 2014. Workplace bul- lying as an antecedent to job insecurity and intention to leave: a 6-month prospective study. Human Resource Management Journal 24: 255–268.
Gunalan, M., dan A. Ceylan. 2015. The Mediating Effect of Organizational Support between Job Insecurity and Turnover Intention in Private Hospitals. International Journal of Business and Management 10: 74-86
Ha, J. G., J. M. Kim, W. J. Hwang, and S. G. Lee. 2014. “Impact of Organisational Characteristics on Turnover Intention among Care Workers in Nursing Homes in Korea: A Structural Equation Model.” Australian Health Review 38(4): 425–431.
Han GH, Jekel M. 2011. The mediating role of job satisfaction between leader-member exchange and turnover intentions. Journal of Nursing Management 19(1): 41–49.
Hewlin, P. F., S, S. Kim, dan Y, H. Song. 2016. Creating facades of conformity in the face of job insecurity: A study of consequences and conditions. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology: 1- 28
Hystad, S. W., P. T. Bartone., dan J. Eid. 2014. Positive organisational behav-ior and safety in the offshore oil industry: Exploring the determinants of positive safety climate. The Journal of Positive Psychology 9: 42–53.
Islam, T., S. R. Khan, A. Muhammad, dan Ahmad U. N. U. 2012. Turnover Inten- tion: The Influence OF Organizational Learning Culture and Multi foci citizenship behavior. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 12: 650-661.
Ioannou, P. V, Katsikavali., P, Galanis., E, Velonakis., D, Papadatou., P, Sourtzi. 2015. Impact of Job Satisfaction on Greek Nurses’ Health-Related Quality of Life. Safety and Health at Work XXX: 1 - 5
Ismail. H. 2015. Job insecurity, Burnout and Intention to Quit, International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences 5: 310-324
Jimenez. P., B. Milfelner, S. S. Zizek dan A. Dankl. 2017. Moderating Effects bet- ween Job Insecurity and Intention to Quit in Samples of Slovene and Austrian Workers, Naše gospodarstvo/ Our Economy 63: 27–37.
Kelly, N., Cespedes, M., Clarà, M., dan Danaher, P. A. 2019. Early career tea- chers' intentions to leave the profession: The complex relationships among pre- service education, early career support, and job satisfaction. Australian Journal of Teacher Education (Online) 44(3): 93.
Khan. A. H. dan M. Aleem. 2014. Impact of job satisfaction on employee turnover: An empirical study of Autonomous Medical Institutions of Pakistan, Impact of job satisfaction on employee turn-over: An empirical study of Autonomous Medical Institutions of Pakistan, Journal of International Studies 7: 122-132.
Kosi, I. I. Sulemana, J. S. Boateng, dan R. Mensah. 2015. Teacher motivation and job satisfaction on intention to quit: An empirical study in public second cycle schools in Tamale metropolis, Ghana, International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications 5: 1–8
Krishnan, R., R. Omar dan I. R. Ismail. 2010. Job Satisfaction as a Potential Mediator Between Motivational Job Characteristics and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Evidence from Malaysia. Journal of Information Technology and Economic Development 1: 86 -110.
Lee, S. E., MacPhee, M., dan Dahinten, V. S. 2019. Factors related to perioperative nurses' job satisfaction and intention to leave. Japan Journal of Nursing Science.
Lee, C., Huang, G. H., dan Ashford, S. J. 2018. Job insecurity and the changing workplace: Recent developments and the future trends in job insecurity research. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior 5: 335-359.
Leon, F. R., dan Morales, O. 2019. The moderating role of tenure on the effects of job insecurity and employability on turnover intentions and absenteeism. Academia Revista Latinoamericana de Administración.
Liu. C, L. Zhang, Y. W, J. Zhu, J. Cao, X. Lu, dan F. Li. 2011. Job satisfaction and intention to leave: a questionnaire survey of hospital nurses in Shanghai of China. Journal of Clinical Nursing 21: 255–263.
Lu, H., Zhao, Y., dan While, A. 2019. Job satisfaction among hospital nurses: A literature review. International journal of nursing studies.
Masum. A. K. M, M. A. K. Azad, K. E. Hoque, L. S. Beh, P. Wanke, dan O. Arslan. 2016. Job satisfaction and intention to quit: an empirical analysis of nurses in Turkey. Peer Journal 18: 1-23.
Mehrad, A., dan Fallahi, B. 2014. The role of leadership styles on staff´ s job satisfaction in public organizations. Acta Universitaria 24(5): 27-32.
Mohsin, A., J. Lengler, dan B. Kumar. 2013. Exploring the antecedents of intentions to leave the job: The case of luxury hotel staff, International Journal of Hospitality Management 35: 48–58.
Murrar, A dan A. Hamad. 2013. Relationship Between Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention: An Empirical Study on The IT Firms in Palestine. Inter- disciplinary Journal of Research in Business 2: 67-83.
Ndulue, T. I., dan H. C., Ekechukwu. 2016. Impact of Job Satisfaction on Employees Performance: A Study of Nigerian Breweries PLC Kaduna State Branch, Nigeria. Kuwait Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review 5: 13–23.
Niesen, W., Van Hootegem, A., Vander Elst, T., Battistelli, A. and De Witte, H., 2018. Job insecurity and innovative work behaviour: A psychological contract perspective. Psychologica Belgica 57(4): 174.
Noermijati, dan D. Primasari. 2015. The Effect of Job Stress and Job Motivation on Employees’ Performance through Job Satisfaction (A study at PT. Jasa Marga (Persero) Tbk. Surabaya - Gempol branch). Journal of Economics Busi-ness, and Accountancy Ventura 18: 231-240.
Olaniyan. O. S., dan Hystad. S. W. 2016. Employees’ psychological capital, job satisfaction, insecurity, and intentions to quit: The direct and indirect effects of authentic leadership. Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology 32: 163–171.
Pienaar, H. J., De Witte, J., Hellgren dan Sverke, M. 2013. The cognitive/affect- ive distinction of job insecurity: Validation and differential relations. Southern African Business Review 17(2): 1-22.
Qureshi, M. A., Aleem, A. R., Rathore, J. H. 2018. Authentic Leadership and Job Satisfaction: Measuring the Mediating Role of Affective Organizational Commitment in Healthcare Sector of Pakistan, JISR-MSSE 16 (1): 99-116.
Raddaha. A. H., J. Alasad, Z. F. Albikawi, dan E. S. Froelicher. 2012. Jordanian nurses’ job satisfaction and intention to quit. Leadership in Health Services 25: 216-231.
Ramoo,V. , K. l. Abdullah, dan C. Y. Piaw. 2013. The relationship between job satisfaction and intention to leave current employment among registered nurses in a teaching hospital, Journal of Clinical Nursing, 22: 3141–3152
Riana, I. G. 2015. Effects Motivation On Business Performance: The Mediation Role of Job Satisfaction And Leadership (A Study In Village Credit Institutions). European Journal of Business, Economics and Accountancy 3: 1–11.
Riana. I G., N. L. P. Wiagustini, K. I Dwijayanti, I. G. Rihayana. 2018. Managing Work-Family Conflict and Work Stress through Job Satisfaction and Its Impact on Employee Performance, Jurnal Teknik Industri, 20: 127-134.
Robbins, S. P. dan Judge, T.A. 2017. Perilaku Organisasi, Organizational Behavior. Edisi 12, Penerbit Salemba Empat. Jakarta.
Rosenblatt, Z., dan A. Ruvio. l996. A Test of A Multidimensional Model of Job Insecurity: The Case Of Israeli Teachers. Journal Organizational Behavior 17: 587-605.
Schalkwyk, S V., H. D. T. Danie, S. B. Adriaan, S. Rothmann. 2010. Job insecurity, Leadership Empowerment Behaviour, Employee Engagement and Intention to Leave in A Petrochemical Laboratory. SA Journal of Human Resource Management 8: 1-7.
Sora, B. A., Caballer., dan J. M. Peiró. 2010. The consequences of job insecurity for employees: The moderator role of job dependence, International Labour Review, 149: 59-72.
Sugiono. 2014. Statistika Untuk Penelitian, Cetakan 13, Bandung, Alfabeta.
Swaminathan. S. dan Jawahar P. D. 2013. Job Satisfaction As A Predictor Of Organizational Citizenship Behavior: An Empirical Study. Global Journal of Business Research, The Institute for Business and Finance Research 7: 71-80.
Staufenbiel, T, C. J. König,. 2010. A model for the effects of job insecurity on performance, turnover intention, and absenteeism. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology 83: 101-117.
Salleh, R., S. N. Mishaliny, dan H. Harun. 2012. Job satisfaction, organizational commitment and turnover intention: a case study on employees of retail company in Malaysia. International Journal of Social, Behavioral, Educational, Economic and Management Engineering 6: 702-709.
Silla, I., J.G. Francisco, M. A. Manas., dan J. M. Peiro. 2010. Job Insecurity An Employee Attitude: The Moderating Role of Fairness. International Journal of Man Power 31: 449-465.
Sora, B., A., Caballer., dan J. M. Peiro. 2010. The consequences of job insecurity for employee: The moderator role of job dependence. International Labour Review 149: 59-72.
Tsai, Y, dan S. W. Wu. 2010. The relation- ships between organisational citizenship behaviour, job satisfaction and turnover intention. Journal of Clinical Nursing 19: 3564–3574.
Tschopp. C, G. Grote dan G. Marius. 2013. How career orientation shapes the job satisfaction–turnover intention link, Journal of Organizational Behavior, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vermeir, P., Blot, S., Degroote, S., Vandijck, D., Mariman, A., Vanacker, T., ... & Vogelaers, D. 2018. Communication satisfaction and job satisfaction among critical care nurses and their impact on burnout and intention to leave: A questionnaire study. Intensive and Critical Care Nursing 48: 21-27.
Virga. D. 2015. Job insecurity and job satisfaction: The mediating effect of psychological capital. Psihologia Resur- selor Umane 13: 206-216.
Vujisic. D, D. Lalic, A. J. Vucovic, dan S. Gagic. 2015. The relation between job insecurity, job satisfaction and organi- zational commitment among employees in the tourism sector in Novi Sad. Economic and Industrial Democracy 36: 633-652.
Zheng, X., D. Ismael, T. Ningyu, dan Kongshun, T. 2014. Job Insecurity and Job Satisfaction the interactively mode- rating effects of optimism and person supervisor deep-level similarity. Journal Career Development International 19: 426-446.
Zincirkıran, M., Çelik, G.M., Ceylan, A.K., Emhan, A., 2015. The effect on the organizational performance of organizational commitment, turnover ıntention, job stress and job satisfaction of employees’: A Study on the Energy Sector. J. Finance Politic Econ. Comments 52(600): 59–71.
